paging refers to the process of managing program access to virtual memory pages that do not currently reside in RAM. It is implemented as a task that resides in the kernel of the operating system and gains control when a page fault takes place. Its main functions performed are:
- determine the location of the data in auxiliary storage.
- determine the page frame in RAM to use as a container for the data.
- write the existing page to auxiliary storage if it has been modified since it was last loaded.
- load the requested data into the available page.
The fault that triggers this operation is caused by a program trying to reference an address within a page that is not currently residing in RAM.