Hui Guys

These will be very useful for you people,


Unix Commands:

In the table below we summarize the more frequently used commands on a Unix system. In this table, as in general, for most Unix commands, file, could be an actual file name, or a list of file names,or input/output could be redirected to or from the command.

awk/nawk [options] file scan for patterns in a file and process the results
cat [options] file concatenate (list) a file

cd [directory] change directory

chgrp [options] group file change the group of the file

chmod [options] file change file or directory access permissions

chown [options] owner file change the ownership of a file; can only be done by the superuser

chsh (passwd -e/-s) username login_shell change the user’s login shell (often only by the superuser)

cmp [options] file1 file2 compare two files and list where differences occur (text or binary files)

compress [options] file compress file and save it as file.Z

cp [options] file1 file2 copy file1 into file2; file2 shouldn't already exist.
This command createsor overwrites file2.

cut (options) [file(s)] cut specified field(s)/character(s) from lines in file(s)

date [options] report the current date and time

dd [if=infile] [of=outfile] [operand=value]
copy a file, converting between ASCII and EBCDIC or swapping byte
order, as specified

diff [options] file1 file2 compare the two files and display the differences (text files only)

df [options] [resource] report the summary of disk blocks and inodes free and in use

du [options] [directory or file] report amount of disk space in use

echo [text string] echo the text string to stdout

ed or ex [options] file Unix line editors

emacs [options] file full-screen editor

expr arguments evaluate the arguments. Used to do arithmetic, etc. in the shell.

file [options] file classify the file type

find directory [options] [actions] find files matching a type or pattern

finger [options] user[@hostname] report information about users on local and remote machines

ftp [options] host transfer file(s) using file transfer protocol

grep [options] 'search string' argument

egrep [options] 'search string' argument

fgrep [options] 'search string' argument

search the argument (in this case probably a file) for all occurrences of
the search string, and list them.

gzip [options] file

gunzip [options] file

zcat [options] file
compress or uncompress a file. Compressed files are stored with a .gz
ending

head [-number] file display the first 10 (or number of) lines of a file

hostname display or set (super-user only) the name of the current
machine

kill [options] [-SIGNAL] [pid#] [%job] send a signal to the process with the process id number (pid#) or job control
number (%n). The default signal is to kill the process.

ln [options] source_file target link the source_file to the target

lpq [options]

lpstat [options]

show the status of print jobs:lpr [options] file

lp [options] file

print to defined printer:lprm [options]

cancel [options]
remove a print job from the print queue

ls [options] [directory or file] list directory contents or file permissions

mail [options] [user]

mailx [options] [user]

Mail [options] [user]

simple email utility available on Unix systems. Type a period as the first
character on a new line to send message out, question mark for help.

man [options] command show the manual (man) page for a command

mkdir [options] directory make a directory

more [options] file

less [options] file

pg [options] file
page through a text file

mv [options] file1 file2 move file1 into file2

od [options] file octal dump a binary file, in octal, ASCII, hex, decimal, or character mode.

passwd [options] set or change your password

paste [options] file paste field(s) onto the lines in file

pr [options] file filter the file and print it on the terminal

ps [options] show status of active processes

pwd print working (current) directory

rcp [options] hostname remotely copy files from this machine to another machine

rlogin [options] hostname login remotely to another machine

rm [options] file remove (delete) a file or directory (-r recursively deletes the directoryand its contents) (-i prompts before removing files)
rmdir [options] directory remove a directory

rsh [options] hostname remote shell to run on another machine
script file saves everything that appears on the screen to file until exit is executed

sed [options] file stream editor for editing files from a script or from the command line

sort [options] file sort the lines of the file according to the options chosen

source file
. file
read commands from the file and execute them in the current shell.

source: C shell, .: Bourne shell.

strings [options] file report any sequence of 4 or more printable characters ending in <NL> or<NULL>. Usually used to search binary files for ASCII strings.

stty [options] set or display terminal control options

tail [options] file display the last few lines (or parts) of a file

tar key[options] [file(s)] tape archiver--refer to man pages for details on creating, listing, and retrieving from archive files. Tar files can be stored on tape or disk.

tee [options] file copy stdout to one or more files

telnet [host [port]] communicate with another host using telnet protocol

touch [options] [date] file create an empty file, or update the access time of an existing file

tr [options] string1 string2 translate the characters in string1 from stdin into those in string2 in stdout

uncompress file.Z uncompress file.Z and save it as a file

uniq [options] file remove repeated lines in a file

uudecode [file] decode a uuencoded file, recreating the original file
uuencode [file] new_name encode binary file to 7-bit ASCII, useful when sending via email, to be decoded as new_name at destination

vi [options] file visual, full-screen editor

wc [options] [file(s)] display word (or character or line) count for file(s)

whereis [options] command report the binary, source, and man page locations for the command named

which command reports the path to the command or the shell alias in use who or w report who is logged in and what processes are running

zcat file.Z concatenate (list) uncompressed file to screen, leaving file compressed on disk


- Vignesh

Out of all of these commands what are your favorites/most used commands? I noticed that two of my favorites are not. They are these two:

lsof
netstat -an

lsof gives a listing of files in use by which processes, and netstat shows current ports that are open to the internet. lsof may not be available on all *nixes though...

These are not the most used though, just my favorites. My most used command is cd and ls, which is probably the most common for everyone.

Cheers

Hi

AS you said most oftenly used commands is cd & Is and my favorite used commands are cp which is used to copy the files , Mkdir - to create a directory , mv - to move the files from one place to another.

Cheers
vignesh

Thanks! I am planning to switch to UNIX myself. I heard that it is more reliable when it comes to business. Do you know that if you can use UNIX, then you can use its command on Linux.

I am glad to read it here.

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