hi,

How will use Perl Functions in PHP page?

Hi Raj,
PHP and perl are two very popular Web programming languages. They both have many libraries and extensions that can simplify the process of development, but often you can find a perl library you want, and not the corresponding library in PHP. (Perl is older then PHP, so naturally it has a larger selection of libraries and extensions.) This was the main reason that the perl extension for PHP was written.

The PHP perl extension was implemented to allow the usage of perl code from within PHP. It is a wrapper that embeds the perl interpreter and converts data from PHP to perl and back. At the time of writing it only provides a one-way interface from PHP to perl, but in the future it could be extended to implement a full two-way interface. The perl extension allows the programmer to do the following from a PHP script:

• load and execute perl files
• evaluate perl code
• access perl variables
• call perl functions
• instantiate perl objects
• access properties of perl objects
• call methods of perl objects

All these features are accessible through a single API class called Perl.

PHP's perl extension is available from the PECL web site at PECL :: Package :: perl. The latest development version can be obtained with the following CVS command:

$ cvs -d server:cvs.php.net:/repository co pecl/perl

If you have a full perl installation, the extension will work with it. If you don't have perl on board, you can still communicate with the perl interpreter through PHP by putting a copy of perl58.so or perl58.dll somewhere PHP can find it (in the PHP directory or in your system path).

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few more information on Perl Interpreter in PHP

To access the perl interpreter from PHP, you must first create an instance of the Perl class. Its constructor can receive some parameters, but we will omit them at this point. They are necessary for working with perl objects, but not for working with the interpreter itself.

$perl = new Perl();

This line of code creates an instance of the perl interpreter. It is possible to create several instances of the interpreter, but all of them will use the same one internally, so that all code and variables will be shared across instances. The object $perl can be used to execute external perl files, evaluate inline perl code, access perl variables and call perl functions.
External perl files can be loaded using the Perl::require() method. Take a look at the following example:

Example 1 (test1.pl)

print "Hello from perl! "

Example 1 (test1.php)
--------------------
<?php

print "Hello from PHP! ";
$perl = new Perl();
$perl->require("test1.pl");
print "Bye! ";

?>
In this example perl outputs a string directly to the PHP output stream, but in some cases you will want to grab the output as a string and process it with your PHP code. This can be done using the PHP output buffering API:
<?php

ob_start();
$perl = new Perl();
$perl->require("test1.pl");
$out = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
print "Perl: $out";

?>

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Hi guys,

How do we handle error while using perl in PHP pages?

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Here some explanation on eval function in PERL

The system() function will start the interpreter each time it's called, whereas $perl->eval() uses the embedded interpreter in the same address space and doesn't need to create a new process.

As was said earlier, the PHP perl extension can evaluate inline perl code. This method is more useful if you want to execute a small piece of code. With the Perl::eval() method you don't need to create several small perl files, but can instead simply embed perl code into PHP.

Perl::eval() accepts only one argument - the perl code to execute, in string format. PHP allows three different ways of writing string literals; single quoted, double quoted or heredoc. Note that PHP will act on the content of literal strings in the usual way before they are passed to perl (see PHP: Strings - Manual for details).

For example see in the following PHP code without using PERL file seperately

<?php

print "Hello from PHP! ";
$perl = new Perl();
$perl->eval('print "Hello from perl! "');
print "Bye! ";

?>

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Here i give some example getting perl Exception in PHP page.

The perl extension uses the PHP exception mechanism to report perl errors. A special exception class, PerlException, is used for this. The following example tries to evaluate invalid perl code, and as a result Perl::eval() throws a PerlException:

<? php
$perl = new Perl();
try {
var_dump($perl->eval('$a = $s{$d}.'));
echo "ok ";
}
catch (PerlException $exception) {
echo "Perl error: " . $exception->getMessage() . " ";
}
?>

Exceptions can be thrown by Perl::eval(), Perl::require(), or a call to a perl function, object method or constructor.

--Kamal.

how do we connect Data base tables to select records using PERL?, please any one explain?

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Sabari...

Database Connections in Perl

To enable Perl to load the DBI module, you must include the following line in your DB2 application:

use DBI;

The DBI module automatically loads the DBD:B2 driver when you create a database handle using the DBI->connect statement with the following syntax:

my $dbhandle = DBI->connect('dbiB2:dbalias', $userID, $password);

where:

$dbhandle
represents the database handle returned by the connect statement
dbalias
represents a DB2 alias cataloged in your DB2 database directory
$userID
represents the user ID used to connect to the database
$password
represents the password for the user ID used to connect to the database

i hope that it would really help you sabari!

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Fetching Results in Perl

Because the Perl DBI Module only supports dynamic SQL, you do not use host variables in your Perl DB2 applications.
Procedure

To return results from an SQL query, perform the following steps:

1. Create a database handle by connecting to the database with the DBI->connect statement.
2. Create a statement handle from the database handle. For example, you can call prepare with an SQL statement as a string argument to return statement handle $sth from the database handle, as demonstrated in the following Perl statement:

my $sth = $dbhandle->prepare(
'SELECT firstnme, lastname
FROM employee '
);

3. Execute the SQL statement by calling execute on the statement handle. A successful call to execute associates a result set with the statement handle. For example, you can execute the statement prepared in the previous example using the following Perl statement:

#Note: $rc represents the return code for the execute call
my $rc = $sth->execute();

4. Fetch a row from the result set associated with the statement handle with a call to fetchrow(). The Perl DBI returns a row as an array with one value per column. For example, you can return all of the rows from the statement handle in the previous example using the following Perl statement:

while (($firstnme, $lastname) = $sth->fetchrow()) {
print "$firstnme $lastname\n";
}

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Here we can see about the array structure used in PERL

A Perl object uses the scalar context by default, but evaluating in an array or hash context[1] requires the use of special tricks. The method eval() should not be called directly on the perl interpreter object, but on the appropriate property (array or hash).

Example 1

<?php

$perl = new Perl();
var_dump($perl->eval('("a","b","c")')); // eval in scalar context
var_dump($perl->array->eval('("a","b","c")')); // eval in array context
var_dump($perl->hash->eval('("a","b","c")')); // eval in hash context

/* output:

string(1) "c"
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(1) "a"
[1]=>
string(1) "b"
[2]=>
string(1) "c"
}
array(2) {
["a"]=>
string(1) "b"
["c"]=>
NULL
}
*/

?>


This example evaluates the same data - a list - in different contexts, and as you can see, there are three different results from that data.

Perl has several scopes of global variables (scalars $x, arrays @x, hashes %x and code &x). PHP's perl extension allows you to access global scalar, array and hash variables. To access scalar perl variables, just use the property with the same name. To access array and hash variables, use the same trick as for selecting the evaluation context.

Example 2

<?php

$perl = new Perl();
$perl->eval('$x = 1; @x = 1..4; %x = 1..4');
var_dump($perl->x);
var_dump($perl->array->x);
var_dump($perl->hash->x);

/* output:

int(1)
array(4) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[2]=>
int(3)
[3]=>
int(4)
}
array(2) {
[1]=>
int(2)
[3]=>
int(4)
}
*/

?>

As you see, here we have three variables with the same name but in different scopes, and of course all three have different values.

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Create Perl function in PHP page

<?php

$perl = new Perl();
$perl->eval('
sub sum {
my $x = shift(@_);
foreach my $y (@_) {
$x += $y;
}
return $x;
}
');

print $perl->eval("sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)")." ";
print $perl->sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)." ";

?>

The function can receive parameters and return a scalar or complex value. As with eval(), any function call can be made in one of three different contexts (scalar, array or hash), and the context can be specified in the same way.

Perl uses packages to limit the name scope of variables and functions, and sometimes we need to call functions or access variables from these packages using qualified names. Such names doesn't confirm to PHP syntax, but they can be used with the special construct ->{}.

Hi,

How to send a mail using PERL in PHP page?

--Kamal.

hi Kamal,
Here is the sample program for Mail

# Simple Email Function
# ($to, $from, $subject, $message)
sub sendEmail
{
my ($to, $from, $subject, $message) = @_;
my $sendmail = '/usr/lib/sendmail';
open(MAIL, "|$sendmail -oi -t");
print MAIL "From: $from\n";
print MAIL "To: $to\n";
print MAIL "Subject: $subject\n\n";
print MAIL "$message\n";
close(MAIL);
}

call the above procedure like

sendEmail( TO Email, FROM email, SUBJECT of email, BODY of email );

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hi,
Here Simple FTP upload: with PHP and Perl

Three simple code snippets for uploading files to a FTP server with PHP and Perl. I hope these three (might add more later) code entries will help someone find way in the forest. Here the goal is to upload some files on a ftp server quicly and easily.

There are two PHP versions here, one uses basic ftp methods and other does it with curl. In PHP arena curl is by far the best way to go about online file transfer, using any protocol. In Perl however, there are range of smart CPAN modules to choose from, each specializing on specific area (LWP::UserAgent, WWW::Mechanize etc.).

The Perl one uses CPAN module Net::FTP::Simple, instead of low level Net::FTP, which deals with FTP commands directly (Net::FTP::Simple uses Net::FTP behind the curtain).

PHP version1: using basic ftp methods
$ftp_server = 'your.ftpserver.com';
$ftp_user_name = ‘user’;
$ftp_user_pass = ‘password’;
$destination_file = ‘/ftpdir/myfile.txt’;
$source_file = ‘myfile.txt’;

// Open FTP connection
$conn_id = ftp_connect($ftp_server);

// Login with username and password
$login_result = ftp_login($conn_id, $ftp_user_name, $ftp_user_pass);

// Check the connection
if ((!$conn_id) || (!$login_result)) {
echo “FTP connection has failed!”;
echo “Attempted to connect to $ftp_server for user $ftp_user_name”;
exit;
} else {
echo “Connected to $ftp_server, for user $ftp_user_name”;
}

// Upload the file
$upload = ftp_put($conn_id, $destination_file, $source_file, FTP_BINARY);

// Check upload status
if (!$upload) {
echo “FTP upload has failed!”;
} else {
echo “Uploaded $source_file to $ftp_server as $destination_file”;
}

// Close the FTP connection
ftp_close($conn_id);

PHP version2: using curl
$ftp_server = 'your.ftpserver.com';
$ftp_user_name = ‘user’;
$ftp_user_pass = ‘password’;
$destination_file = ‘/ftpdir/myfile.txt’;
$source_file = ‘myfile.txt’;

$ch = curl_init();
$fp = fopen ($source_file, “r”);

// we upload a text file
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,
“ftp://” . $ftp_user_name . “:” . $ftp_user_pass . “@” . $ftp_server . $destination_file);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_INFILE, $fp);

// set size of the file, which isn’t _mandatory_ but helps libcurl to do
// extra error checking on the upload.
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, filesize($source_file));

$error = curl_exec ($ch);
if ($error){echo “Error uploading file\n”;}

curl_close ($ch);

Perl version: using Net::FTP::Simple
use strict;
use warnings;
use Net::FTP::Simple;
# Net::FTP::Simple wraps basic ftp tasks in easy to use functions

my $username = ‘user’;
my $password = ‘password’;
my $server = ‘your.ftpserver.com’;

# connect, check connection, upload files and report success or failure (if debug_ftp is true then prints the steps)
my @sent_files = Net::FTP::Simple->send_files({
username => $username,
password => $password,
server => $server,
remote_dir => ‘/ftpdir/’,
debug_ftp => 1,
files => [ ‘myfile1.txt’,'myfile2.xml’,'myfile2.csv’, ],
});

# OPTIONAL: connect, check connection, get list of files and report success or failure (if debug_ftp is true then prints the steps)
my @remote_files = Net::FTP::Simple->list_files({
username => $username,
password => $password,
server => $server,
remote_dir => ‘/ftpdir/’,
debug_ftp => 1,
});
# OPTIONAL: print list of files in ftp dir
print (”List:\n\t”, join(”\n\t”, @remote_files), “\n”) if @remote_files;
exit 0;

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Let's dive head-first in to coding a simple client server interaction in PERL. Client/server network programming requires a server running on one machine to serve one or more clients running on either the same machine or different machines. These different machines can be located anywhere on the network.

To create a server, simply perform the following steps using the built-in Perl function indicated:

1. Create a socket with socket.
2. Bind the socket to a port address with bind.
3. Listen to the socket at the port address with listen.
4. Accept client connections with accept.

Establishing a client is even easier:

1. Create a socket with socket.
2. Connect (the socket) to the remote machine with connect.

A Simple Server

1. #! /usr/bin/perl -w
2. # server0.pl
3. #--------------------

4. use strict;
5. use Socket;

6. # use port 7890 as default
7. my $port = shift || 7890;
8. my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');

9. # create a socket, make it reusable
10. socket(SERVER, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto) or die "socket: $!";
11. setsockopt(SERVER, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1) or die "setsock: $!";

12. # grab a port on this machine
13. my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, INADDR_ANY);

14. # bind to a port, then listen
15. bind(SERVER, $paddr) or die "bind: $!";
16. listen(SERVER, SOMAXCONN) or die "listen: $!";
17. print "SERVER started on port $port ";

18. # accepting a connection
19. my $client_addr;
20. while ($client_addr = accept(CLIENT, SERVER))
21. {
22. # find out who connected
23. my ($client_port, $client_ip) = sockaddr_in($client_addr);
24. my $client_ipnum = inet_ntoa($client_ip);
25. my $client_host = gethostbyaddr($client_ip, AF_INET);
26. # print who has connected
27. print "got a connection from: $client_host","[$client_ipnum] ";
28. # send them a message, close connection
29. print CLIENT "Smile from the server";
30. close CLIENT;
31. }

The server is now listening at port 7890 on the local host, waiting for clients to connect.

A Simple Client

1. #! /usr/bin/perl -w
2. # client1.pl - a simple client
3. #----------------

4. use strict;
5. use Socket;

6. # initialize host and port
7. my $host = shift || 'localhost';
8. my $port = shift || 7890;

9. my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');

10. # get the port address
11. my $iaddr = inet_aton($host);
12. my $paddr = sockaddr_in($port, $iaddr);
13. # create the socket, connect to the port
14. socket(SOCKET, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $proto)
a. or die "socket: $!";
15. connect(SOCKET, $paddr) or die "connect: $!";

16. my $line;
17. while ($line = )
18. {
19. print $line;
20. }
21. close SOCKET or die "close: $!";

I hope that it would give some basic thought of client-server script in perl

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There are just two types of sockets: connection oriented and connection-less. There are other types but this classification is fair enough to get started, a socket has a domain (UNIX or internet), a connection type (connection oriented or connection less) and a protocol (TCP or UDP).

A connection oriented or a stream socket is a reliable two way communication. If you send three packets, say 1, 2 and 3, they are received in the same order they were sent. They achieve this high level of transmission quality by using TCP for error free reliable communication. The ubiquitous telnet application uses stream sockets.

The connection-less sockets or stream-less sockets use IP for routing but use the UDP. They are connectionless, since the connection need not be open as in stream sockets, the packet formed is given a destination IP address and than transmitted. This method is mostly used for packet-to-packet transfer as in ftp applications.

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A packet is formed by encapsulating the data in a header at each level as it passes through the layers (protocol stack). At the receiving end the headers are stripped off as the packet travels up the layers to get the data.

Basically, at each layer, the protocol adds a header to the payload to perform the required functionality.

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Hi,
Here i have given some Syntax difference between PHP and PERL in document attached below.

I hope this would help you to know some functional difference between them

Attached Files

Perl & PHP.doc (75.0 KB, 0 views)

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