HTTP functions in PHP

Jeyaseelansarc · #41 (**permalink**) 04-11-2008, 11:50 PM

Until PHP 4.3.3, HTTP Authentication did not work using Microsoft's IIS server with the CGI version of PHP due to a limitation of IIS. In order to get it to work in PHP 4.3.3+, you must edit your IIS configuration "Directory Security". Click on "Edit" and only check "Anonymous Access", all other fields should be left unchecked.

Jeyaseelansarc · #42 (**permalink**) 04-11-2008, 11:51 PM

Another limitation is if you're using the IIS module (ISAPI) and PHP 4, you may not use the PHP_AUTH_* variables but instead, the variable HTTP_AUTHORIZATION is available. For example, consider the following code: list($user, $pw) = explode(':', base64_decode(substr($_SERVER['HTTP_AUTHORIZATION'], 6)));

And If safe mode is enabled, the uid of the script is added to the realm part of the WWW-Authenticate header.

senraj · #43 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:00 AM

Hi,

http_build_query () generates a URL-encoded query string from the associative (or indexed) array provided. formdata may be an array or object containing properties. A formdata array may be a simple one-dimensional structure, or an array of arrays (who in turn may contain other arrays). If numeric indices are used in the base array and a numeric_prefix is provided, it will be prepended to the numeric index for elements in the base array only. This is to allow for legal variable names when the data is decoded by PHP or another CGI application later on.

senraj · #44 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:01 AM

Hi,

Simple usage of http_build_query():

PHP Code:

  $data = array('foo'=>'bar',
              'baz'=>'boom',
              'cow'=>'milk',
              'php'=>'hypertext processor');
              
echo http_build_query($data); // foo=bar&baz=boom&cow=milk&php=hypertext+processor

senraj · #45 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:04 AM

Hi,

http_build_query() with numerically index elements.

PHP Code:

  $data = array('foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'boom', 'cow' => 'milk', 'php' =>'hypertext processor');
              
echo http_build_query($data);
/* Outputs:
      0=foo&1=bar&2=baz&3=boom&cow=milk&php=hypertext+processor
 */
 
echo http_build_query($data, 'myvar_');
/* Outputs:
      myvar_0=foo&myvar_1=bar&myvar_2=baz&myvar_3=boom&cow=milk&php=hypertext+processor
 */

senraj · #46 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:06 AM

Hi,

http_build_query() with complex arrays

PHP Code:

  $data = array('user'=>array('name'=>'Bob Smith',
                            'age'=>47,
                            'sex'=>'M',
                            'dob'=>'5/12/1956'),
              'pastimes'=>array('golf', 'opera', 'poker', 'rap'),
              'children'=>array('bobby'=>array('age'=>12,
                                               'sex'=>'M'),
                                'sally'=>array('age'=>8,
                                               'sex'=>'F')),
              'CEO');
                                               
echo http_build_query($data, 'flags_');

senraj · #47 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:08 AM

Hi,

above example output : (word wrapped for readability)
user[name]=Bob+Smith&user[age]=47&user[sex]=M&user[dob]=5%1F12%1F1956&
pastimes[0]=golf&pastimes[1]=opera&pastimes[2]=poker&pastimes[3]=rap &
children[bobby][age]=12&children[bobby][sex]=M&children[sally][age]=8 &
children[sally][sex]=F &flags_0=CEO

Only the numerically indexed element in the base array "CEO" received a prefix. The other numeric indices, found under pastimes, do not require a string prefix to be legal variable names.

senraj · #48 (**permalink**) 04-12-2008, 02:12 AM

Hi,

Using http_build_query() with an object

PHP Code:

  class myClass {
  var $foo;
  var $baz;
  
  function myClass() 
  {
    $this->foo = 'bar';
    $this->baz = 'boom';
  }
}

$data = new myClass();

echo http_build_query($data); // foo=bar&baz=boom

Jeyaseelansarc · #49 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:10 AM

PHP transparently supports HTTP cookies. Cookies are a mechanism for storing data in the remote browser and thus tracking or identifying return users. You can set cookies using the setcookie() or setrawcookie() function. Cookies are part of the HTTP header, so setcookie() must be called before any output is sent to the browser. This is the same limitation that header() has.

Jeyaseelansarc · #50 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:10 AM

You can use the output buffering functions to delay the script output until you have decided whether or not to set any cookies or send any headers.

Jeyaseelansarc · #51 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:13 AM

From the general information Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a communications protocol for the transfer of information on intranets and the World Wide Web. Its original purpose was to provide a way to publish and retrieve hypertext pages over the Internet.

Jeyaseelansarc · #52 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:14 AM

HTTP is a request/response standard between a client and a server. A client is the end-user, the server is the web site. The client making an HTTP request - using a web browser, spider, or other end-user tool - is referred to as the user agent. The responding server - which stores or creates resources such as HTML files and images - is called the origin server. In between the user agent and origin server may be several intermediaries, such as proxies, gateways, and tunnels. HTTP is not constrained to using TCP/IP and its supporting layers, although this is its most popular application on the Internet. Indeed HTTP can be "implemented on top of any other protocol on the Internet, or on other networks. HTTP only presumes a reliable transport; any protocol that provides such guarantees can be used."

Jeyaseelansarc · #53 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:14 AM

Typically, an HTTP client initiates a request. It establishes a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection to a particular port on a host (port 80 by default; see List of TCP and UDP port numbers). An HTTP server listening on that port waits for the client to send a request message. Upon receiving the request, the server sends back a status line, such as "HTTP/1.1 200 OK", and a message of its own, the body of which is perhaps the requested file, an error message, or some other information.

The reason that HTTP uses TCP and not UDP is because much data must be sent for a webpage, and TCP provides transmission control, presents the data in order, and provides error correction.

Jeyaseelansarc · #54 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:31 AM

A web browser is an HTTP client, and a web server is an HTTP server. Clients initiate a transaction by sending a request, and the server completes the transaction by sending a response. A typical HTTP request is as follows:

Code:

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: example.org
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Gecko
Accept: text/xml, image/png, image/jpeg, image/gif, */*

Jeyaseelansarc · #55 (**permalink**) 04-14-2008, 03:32 AM

the following code can be used to rebuild this particular HTTP request in a string:

PHP Code:

  <?php

$request = '';

$request .= "{$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']} ";

$request .= "{$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']} ";

$request .= "{$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']}\r\n";

$request .= "Host: {$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']}\r\n";

$request .= "User-Agent: {$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']}\r\n";

$request .= "Accept: {$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT']}\r\n\r\n";

?>

Jeyaseelansarc · #56 (**permalink**) 04-15-2008, 01:40 AM

HTTP Cookies: $_COOKIE

An associative array of variables passed to the current script via HTTP cookies. Automatically global in any scope.

This is a 'superglobal', or automatic global, variable. This simply means that it is available in all scopes throughout a script. You don't need to do a global $_COOKIE; to access it within functions or methods, as you do with $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS.

$HTTP_COOKIE_VARS contains the same initial information, but is not an autoglobal. (Note that $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS and $_COOKIE are different variables and that PHP handles them as such)

Jeyaseelansarc · #57 (**permalink**) 04-15-2008, 01:41 AM

HTTP GET variables: $_GET

An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP GET method. Automatically global in any scope.

This is a 'superglobal', or automatic global, variable. This simply means that it is available in all scopes throughout a script. You don't need to do a global $_GET; to access it within functions or methods, as you do with $HTTP_GET_VARS.

$HTTP_GET_VARS contains the same initial information, but is not an autoglobal. (Note that $HTTP_GET_VARS and $_GET are different variables and that PHP handles them as such)

Jeyaseelansarc · #58 (**permalink**) 04-15-2008, 01:42 AM

HTTP POST variables: $_POST

An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP POST method. Automatically global in any scope.

This is a 'superglobal', or automatic global, variable. This simply means that it is available in all scopes throughout a script. You don't need to do a global $_POST; to access it within functions or methods, as you do with $HTTP_POST_VARS.

$HTTP_POST_VARS contains the same initial information, but is not an autoglobal. (Note that $HTTP_POST_VARS and $_POST are different variables and that PHP handles them as such)

sureshbabu · #59 (**permalink**) 04-15-2008, 08:18 AM

how to redirect page while error on loading page using http?

Jeyaseelansarc · #60 (**permalink**) 04-16-2008, 03:37 AM

HTTP File upload variables: $_FILES

An associative array of items uploaded to the current script via the HTTP POST method. Automatically global in any scope.

This is a 'superglobal', or automatic global, variable. This simply means that it is available in all scopes throughout a script. You don't need to do a global $_FILES; to access it within functions or methods, as you do with $HTTP_POST_FILES.

$HTTP_POST_FILES contains the same information, but is not an autoglobal. (Note that $HTTP_POST_FILES and $_FILES are different variables and that PHP handles them as such)

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